Just store the initial camera Y position and assign it later to the movement vector;
private float startingY;
private void Start()
{
startingY = transform.position.y;
}
private void Update()
{
Vector3 position = Vector3.SmoothDamp( transform.position, target.position - leftOffset, ref _smoothDampVelocity, smoothDampTime );
position.y = startingY;
transform.position = position;
}